The Ongoing Philosopher List
Here is an ongoing list of as many major and minor philosophers we can think of (from as far back as humans have been around) in a rough chronological order. Note, as of now we do not have any strict boundaries for what counts as the necessary and sufficient conditions for which philosophers make it on this list (besides being published). If you hold to the proposition that we have missed any relevant philosophers please feel free to let us know in the comments below!
| Philosopher | Dates | Region / Tradition | Primary Fields | Analytic / Continental |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imhotep (attributed) | c. 27th c. BCE | Egyptian | Wisdom tradition; proto-ethics | N/A (pre-split) |
| Ptahhotep | c. 2400 BCE | Egyptian | Ethics; governance; practical wisdom | N/A (pre-split) |
| Hammurabi (legal tradition) | c. 1810–1750 BCE | Mesopotamian | Law; justice; political order | N/A (pre-split) |
| Zoroaster (Zarathustra) | c. 1200–600 BCE (disputed) | Iranian | Religion; ethics; cosmology | N/A (pre-split) |
| Upanishadic sages (collective) | c. 800–300 BCE | Indian | Metaphysics; self; liberation | N/A (pre-split) |
| Thales | c. 624–546 BCE | Greek (Pre-Socratic) | Metaphysics; natural philosophy | N/A (pre-split) |
| Anaximander | c. 610–546 BCE | Greek (Pre-Socratic) | Cosmology; metaphysics | N/A (pre-split) |
| Mahavira | 599–527 BCE | Indian Jain | Ethics; non-violence; metaphysics | N/A (pre-split) |
| Anaximenes | c. 586–526 BCE | Greek (Pre-Socratic) | Cosmology; metaphysics | N/A (pre-split) |
| Pythagoras | c. 570–495 BCE | Greek | Philosophy of math; metaphysics; ethics | N/A (pre-split) |
| Xenophanes | c. 570–475 BCE | Greek | Theology critique; epistemology | N/A (pre-split) |
| Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha) | c. 5th c. BCE | Indian Buddhist | Ethics; suffering; self; liberation | N/A (pre-split) |
| Confucius | 551–479 BCE | Chinese Confucian | Ethics; virtue; political philosophy | N/A (pre-split) |
| Sun Tzu | c. 544–496 BCE | Chinese | Political philosophy; strategy | N/A (pre-split) |
| Heraclitus | c. 535–475 BCE | Greek | Metaphysics; change; logos | N/A (pre-split) |
| Parmenides | c. 515–450 BCE | Greek | Ontology; metaphysics | N/A (pre-split) |
| Gautama (Nyāya founder, trad.) | c. 6th–2nd c. BCE | Indian | Logic; epistemology (Nyāya) | N/A (pre-split) |
| Kapila (Sāṃkhya, trad.) | c. 6th–4th c. BCE | Indian | Metaphysics; dualism (Sāṃkhya) | N/A (pre-split) |
| Laozi (trad.) | c. 6th–4th c. BCE | Chinese Daoist | Metaphysics; ethics; political philosophy | N/A (pre-split) |
| Anaxagoras | c. 500–428 BCE | Greek | Mind (Nous); cosmology | N/A (pre-split) |
| Empedocles | c. 494–434 BCE | Greek | Cosmology; elements; metaphysics | N/A (pre-split) |
| Zeno of Elea | c. 490–430 BCE | Greek | Logic; paradoxes; metaphysics | N/A (pre-split) |
| Protagoras | c. 490–420 BCE | Greek Sophist | Epistemology; relativism; rhetoric | N/A (pre-split) |
| Gorgias | c. 483–375 BCE | Greek Sophist | Rhetoric; skepticism | N/A (pre-split) |
| Mozi | c. 470–391 BCE | Chinese Mohist | Ethics; political philosophy; consequentialism | N/A (pre-split) |
| Socrates | 470–399 BCE | Greek | Ethics; epistemology | N/A (pre-split) |
| Democritus | c. 460–370 BCE | Greek | Atomism; ethics; epistemology | N/A (pre-split) |
| Leucippus | 5th c. BCE | Greek | Atomism; metaphysics | N/A (pre-split) |
| Aristippus | c. 435–356 BCE | Greek | Ethics; hedonism | N/A (pre-split) |
| Plato | c. 428–348 BCE | Greek | Metaphysics; epistemology; politics; ethics | N/A (pre-split) |
| Diogenes of Sinope | c. 412–323 BCE | Greek Cynic | Ethics; social critique | N/A (pre-split) |
| Aristotle | 384–322 BCE | Greek | Logic; metaphysics; ethics; politics; science | N/A (pre-split) |
| Mencius | 372–289 BCE | Chinese Confucian | Ethics; moral psychology; politics | N/A (pre-split) |
| Zhuangzi | c. 369–286 BCE | Chinese Daoist | Skepticism; metaphysics; ethics | N/A (pre-split) |
| Pyrrho | c. 360–270 BCE | Greek Skeptic | Epistemology; skepticism | N/A (pre-split) |
| Epicurus | 341–270 BCE | Greek | Ethics; atomism; mind | N/A (pre-split) |
| Zeno of Citium | c. 334–262 BCE | Greek Stoic | Ethics; logic; physics | N/A (pre-split) |
| Cleanthes | c. 331–232 BCE | Greek Stoic | Ethics; theology | N/A (pre-split) |
| Xunzi | c. 310–235 BCE | Chinese Confucian | Ethics; political philosophy | N/A (pre-split) |
| Han Fei | c. 280–233 BCE | Chinese Legalist | Political philosophy; law; statecraft | N/A (pre-split) |
| Chrysippus | c. 279–206 BCE | Greek Stoic | Logic; ethics | N/A (pre-split) |
| Carneades | 214–129 BCE | Academic Skeptic | Epistemology; ethics | N/A (pre-split) |
| Polybius | c. 200–118 BCE | Greek | Political theory; history | N/A (pre-split) |
| Cicero | 106–43 BCE | Roman | Ethics; politics; skepticism | N/A (pre-split) |
| Lucretius | c. 99–55 BCE | Roman Epicurean | Naturalism; ethics; atomism | N/A (pre-split) |
| Seneca | c. 4 BCE–65 CE | Roman Stoic | Ethics; moral psychology | N/A (pre-split) |
| Plutarch | c. 46–120 | Greek/Roman | Ethics; Platonism | N/A (pre-split) |
| Epictetus | c. 55–135 | Stoic | Ethics; inner freedom | N/A (pre-split) |
| Marcus Aurelius | 121–180 | Roman Stoic | Ethics; self-discipline | N/A (pre-split) |
| Nāgārjuna | c. 150–250 | Indian Buddhist | Metaphysics; emptiness | N/A (pre-split) |
| Sextus Empiricus | c. 160–210 | Greek Skeptic | Epistemology; skepticism | N/A (pre-split) |
| Plotinus | 204–270 | Neoplatonist | Metaphysics; the One | N/A (pre-split) |
| Porphyry | c. 234–305 | Neoplatonist | Metaphysics; logic; religion | N/A (pre-split) |
| Iamblichus | c. 245–325 | Neoplatonist | Metaphysics; ritual; theology | N/A (pre-split) |
| Hypatia | c. 350–415 | Alexandrian | Neoplatonism; math; science | N/A (pre-split) |
| Vasubandhu | c. 4th–5th c. | Indian Buddhist | Mind; metaphysics | N/A (pre-split) |
| Asaṅga | c. 4th c. | Indian Buddhist | Yogācāra; mind | N/A (pre-split) |
| Augustine | 354–430 | Latin Christian | Metaphysics; time; ethics; theology | N/A (pre-split) |
| Proclus | 412–485 | Neoplatonist | Metaphysics; theology | N/A (pre-split) |
| Boethius | c. 477–524 | Latin | Logic; metaphysics; theology | N/A (pre-split) |
| John Philoponus | c. 490–570 | Byzantine | Metaphysics; philosophy of nature | N/A (pre-split) |
| Pseudo-Dionysius | c. 5th–6th c. | Christian | Negative theology; metaphysics | N/A (pre-split) |
| Dharmakīrti | c. 600–660 | Indian Buddhist | Epistemology; logic | N/A (pre-split) |
| Śaṅkara | c. 700–750 | Indian (Advaita Vedānta) | Metaphysics; epistemology | N/A (pre-split) |
| Śāntideva | 8th c. | Indian Buddhist | Ethics; compassion | N/A (pre-split) |
| Al-Kindī | c. 801–873 | Islamic | Metaphysics; science; theology | N/A (pre-split) |
| Al-Fārābī | c. 872–950 | Islamic | Political philosophy; metaphysics | N/A (pre-split) |
| Avicenna (Ibn Sīnā) | 980–1037 | Islamic | Metaphysics; medicine; logic | N/A (pre-split) |
| Ibn Hazm | 994–1064 | Islamic | Ethics; theology; legal philosophy | N/A (pre-split) |
| Anselm | 1033–1109 | Latin Christian | Philosophy of religion; metaphysics | N/A (pre-split) |
| Al-Ghazālī | 1058–1111 | Islamic | Epistemology; theology; skepticism | N/A (pre-split) |
| Peter Abelard | 1079–1142 | Scholastic | Logic; ethics; theology | N/A (pre-split) |
| Averroes (Ibn Rushd) | 1126–1198 | Islamic | Aristotelianism; metaphysics | N/A (pre-split) |
| Maimonides | 1138–1204 | Jewish | Theology; ethics; metaphysics | N/A (pre-split) |
| Roger Bacon | c. 1219–1292 | Scholastic | Science; empiricism; logic | N/A (pre-split) |
| Bonaventure | 1221–1274 | Scholastic | Metaphysics; theology | N/A (pre-split) |
| Thomas Aquinas | 1225–1274 | Scholastic | Metaphysics; natural theology; ethics | N/A (pre-split) |
| Siger of Brabant | c. 1240–1284 | Latin Averroist | Metaphysics; intellect | N/A (pre-split) |
| Meister Eckhart | c. 1260–1328 | Christian mystic | Metaphysics; theology | N/A (pre-split) |
| Duns Scotus | c. 1266–1308 | Scholastic | Metaphysics; theology | N/A (pre-split) |
| William of Ockham | c. 1287–1347 | Scholastic | Logic; nominalism; epistemology | N/A (pre-split) |
| Ibn Khaldun | 1332–1406 | Islamic | Social theory; historiography | N/A (pre-split) |
| Christine de Pizan | 1364–1430 | French | Political philosophy; proto-feminism | N/A (pre-split) |
| Nicholas of Cusa | 1401–1464 | Renaissance | Metaphysics; theology | N/A (pre-split) |
| Erasmus | 1466–1536 | Humanist | Ethics; religion; political thought | N/A (pre-split) |
| Niccolò Machiavelli | 1469–1527 | Italian Renaissance | Political philosophy; statecraft | N/A (pre-split) |
| Thomas More | 1478–1535 | Humanist | Political philosophy; ethics | N/A (pre-split) |
| Michel de Montaigne | 1533–1592 | French | Skepticism; ethics | N/A (pre-split) |
| Francisco Suárez | 1548–1617 | Scholastic | Metaphysics; law | N/A (pre-split) |
| Giordano Bruno | 1548–1600 | Italian | Metaphysics; cosmology | N/A (pre-split) |
| Francis Bacon | 1561–1626 | English | Scientific method; epistemology | N/A (pre-split) |
| Thomas Hobbes | 1588–1679 | English | Political philosophy; materialism | N/A (pre-split) |
| Pierre Gassendi | 1592–1655 | French | Atomism; empiricism | N/A (pre-split) |
| René Descartes | 1596–1650 | French Rationalist | Epistemology; metaphysics; mind | N/A (pre-split) |
| Blaise Pascal | 1623–1662 | French | Philosophy of religion; epistemology | N/A (pre-split) |
| Anne Conway | 1631–1679 | English | Metaphysics; mind | N/A (pre-split) |
| Baruch Spinoza | 1632–1677 | Dutch | Metaphysics; ethics; political philosophy | N/A (pre-split) |
| John Locke | 1632–1704 | English Empiricist | Epistemology; politics | N/A (pre-split) |
| Benedict de Spinoza (alt name) | 1632–1677 | Dutch | Metaphysics; ethics | N/A (pre-split) |
| Nicolas Malebranche | 1638–1715 | French | Metaphysics; mind | N/A (pre-split) |
| Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz | 1646–1716 | German Rationalist | Logic; metaphysics | N/A (pre-split) |
| Mary Astell | 1666–1731 | English | Feminism; education | N/A (pre-split) |
| Giambattista Vico | 1668–1744 | Italian | History; epistemology | N/A (pre-split) |
| George Berkeley | 1685–1753 | Irish | Idealism; epistemology | N/A (pre-split) |
| Voltaire | 1694–1778 | French | Religious tolerance; politics | N/A (pre-split) |
| Thomas Reid | 1710–1796 | Scottish | Epistemology; common-sense realism | N/A (pre-split) |
| David Hume | 1711–1776 | Scottish | Epistemology; ethics; religion critique | N/A (pre-split) |
| Jean-Jacques Rousseau | 1712–1778 | French | Political philosophy; education | N/A (pre-split) |
| Denis Diderot | 1713–1784 | French | Materialism; ethics | N/A (pre-split) |
| Adam Smith | 1723–1790 | Scottish | Moral philosophy; political economy | N/A (pre-split) |
| Baron d’Holbach | 1723–1789 | French | Atheism; materialism | N/A (pre-split) |
| Immanuel Kant | 1724–1804 | German | Epistemology; ethics; metaphysics | N/A (pre-split) |
| Edmund Burke | 1729–1797 | British | Political philosophy | N/A (pre-split) |
| Thomas Paine | 1737–1809 | Anglo-American | Political philosophy; deism | N/A (pre-split) |
| Jeremy Bentham | 1748–1832 | English | Ethics; law; utilitarianism | N/A (pre-split) |
| William Godwin | 1756–1836 | British | Political philosophy; anarchism | N/A (pre-split) |
| Mary Wollstonecraft | 1759–1797 | English | Political philosophy; feminism | N/A (pre-split) |
| Thomas Malthus | 1766–1834 | British | Political economy | N/A (pre-split) |
| G.W.F. Hegel | 1770–1831 | German Idealism | Metaphysics; history; social philosophy | Continental |
| Arthur Schopenhauer | 1788–1860 | German | Metaphysics; ethics | Continental |
| William Hamilton | 1788–1856 | Scottish | Epistemology; metaphysics | N/A (pre-split) |
| William Whewell | 1794–1866 | British | Philosophy of science | N/A (pre-split) |
| Auguste Comte | 1798–1857 | French | Positivism; philosophy of science | Continental |
| John Henry Newman | 1801–1890 | British | Epistemology; religion | N/A (pre-split) |
| John Stuart Mill | 1806–1873 | British | Ethics; political philosophy; liberty | N/A (pre-split) |
| Harriet Taylor Mill | 1807–1858 | British | Feminism; political philosophy | N/A (pre-split) |
| Søren Kierkegaard | 1813–1855 | Danish | Existentialism; ethics; religion | Continental |
| Karl Marx | 1818–1883 | German | Political philosophy; social theory | Continental |
| Friedrich Engels | 1820–1895 | German | Political philosophy; social theory | Continental |
| Herbert Spencer | 1820–1903 | British | Social/political philosophy | N/A (pre-split) |
| Franz Brentano | 1838–1917 | Austrian | Intentionality; mind | Continental |
| Charles S. Peirce | 1839–1914 | American Pragmatist | Logic; pragmatism; semiotics | Other/Tradition |
| William James | 1842–1910 | American Pragmatist | Pragmatism; religion; mind | Other/Tradition |
| Friedrich Nietzsche | 1844–1900 | German | Ethics; genealogy; critique of religion | Continental |
| William K. Clifford | 1845–1879 | British | Epistemology; ethics of belief | Other/Tradition |
| F.H. Bradley | 1846–1924 | British Idealist | Metaphysics | Continental |
| Gottlob Frege | 1848–1925 | German | Logic; philosophy of language | Analytic |
| Henri Poincaré | 1854–1912 | French | Philosophy of science; math | Other/Tradition |
| Josiah Royce | 1855–1916 | American | Idealism; ethics | Other/Tradition |
| John Dewey | 1859–1952 | American Pragmatist | Epistemology; education; democracy | Other/Tradition |
| Edmund Husserl | 1859–1938 | German | Phenomenology; consciousness | Continental |
| Henri Bergson | 1859–1941 | French | Time; metaphysics | Continental |
| George Santayana | 1863–1952 | Spanish-American | Naturalism; aesthetics | Other/Tradition |
| Bertrand Russell | 1872–1970 | British | Logic; epistemology; philosophy of language | Analytic |
| G.E. Moore | 1873–1958 | British | Metaethics; common-sense | Analytic |
| Moritz Schlick | 1882–1936 | Vienna Circle | Epistemology; science | Analytic |
| Otto Neurath | 1882–1945 | Vienna Circle | Science; social philosophy | Analytic |
| Karl Jaspers | 1883–1969 | German | Existentialism; psychiatry | Continental |
| Ludwig Wittgenstein | 1889–1951 | Austrian/British | Language; mind; logic | Analytic |
| Martin Heidegger | 1889–1976 | German | Ontology; phenomenology | Continental |
| Edith Stein | 1891–1942 | Phenomenology | Mind; empathy; metaphysics | Continental |
| Rudolf Carnap | 1891–1970 | Vienna Circle | Philosophy of science; logic | Analytic |
| Michael Polanyi | 1891–1976 | Hungarian-British | Epistemology; tacit knowledge | Other/Tradition |
| Max Horkheimer | 1895–1973 | Frankfurt School | Critical theory | Continental |
| Herbert Marcuse | 1898–1979 | Frankfurt School | Political philosophy; critique | Continental |
| Gilbert Ryle | 1900–1976 | British | Philosophy of mind | Analytic |
| Hans-Georg Gadamer | 1900–2002 | German | Hermeneutics | Continental |
| Alfred Tarski | 1901–1983 | Polish | Logic; semantics | Analytic |
| Karl Popper | 1902–1994 | Critical Rationalist | Science; falsification | Analytic |
| Theodor Adorno | 1903–1969 | Frankfurt School | Critical theory; aesthetics | Continental |
| Karl Rahner | 1904–1984 | German | Theology; philosophy | Continental |
| Jean-Paul Sartre | 1905–1980 | French | Existentialism; freedom | Continental |
| Raymond Aron | 1905–1983 | French | Political philosophy | Continental |
| Kurt Gödel | 1906–1978 | Austrian-American | Logic; philosophy of math | Analytic |
| Nelson Goodman | 1906–1998 | American | Epistemology; aesthetics | Analytic |
| Hannah Arendt | 1906–1975 | German-American | Political theory; totalitarianism | Continental |
| Emmanuel Levinas | 1906–1995 | French | Ethics; otherness | Continental |
| W.V.O. Quine | 1908–2000 | American | Naturalized epistemology; logic | Analytic |
| Simone de Beauvoir | 1908–1986 | French | Existentialism; feminist ethics | Continental |
| Maurice Merleau-Ponty | 1908–1961 | French | Phenomenology; perception | Continental |
| Isaiah Berlin | 1909–1997 | British | Political philosophy; liberty | Analytic |
| Simone Weil | 1909–1943 | French | Ethics; religion; politics | Continental |
| A.J. Ayer | 1910–1989 | Logical Positivist | Language; verificationism | Analytic |
| J.L. Austin | 1911–1960 | British | Speech acts; language | Analytic |
| Wilfrid Sellars | 1912–1989 | American | Mind; epistemology | Analytic |
| Paul Ricœur | 1913–2005 | French | Hermeneutics; ethics | Continental |
| Paul Grice | 1913–1988 | British | Language; meaning | Analytic |
| Donald Davidson | 1917–2003 | American | Mind; language; action | Analytic |
| J.L. Mackie | 1917–1981 | Australian | Metaethics; religion | Analytic |
| P.F. Strawson | 1919–2006 | British | Metaphysics; language | Analytic |
| Elizabeth Anscombe | 1919–2001 | British | Action; virtue ethics | Analytic |
| R.M. Hare | 1919–2002 | British | Metaethics; prescriptivism | Analytic |
| Philippa Foot | 1920–2010 | British | Virtue ethics; naturalism | Analytic |
| J.J.C. Smart | 1920–2012 | Australian | Mind; utilitarianism | Analytic |
| John Rawls | 1921–2002 | American | Justice; political liberalism | Analytic |
| Thomas Kuhn | 1922–1996 | American | Philosophy of science | Analytic |
| Imre Lakatos | 1922–1974 | Hungarian-British | Philosophy of science | Analytic |
| Antony Flew | 1923–2010 | British | Religion; language | Analytic |
| Paul Feyerabend | 1924–1994 | Austrian-American | Epistemology; science | Continental |
| Jean-François Lyotard | 1924–1998 | French | Postmodernism | Continental |
| Gilles Deleuze | 1925–1995 | French | Metaphysics; difference | Continental |
| Paul Kurtz | 1925–2012 | American | Secular humanism; ethics | Other/Tradition |
| Hilary Putnam | 1926–2016 | American | Mind; language; science | Analytic |
| Michel Foucault | 1926–1984 | French | Power/knowledge; genealogy | Continental |
| Kai Nielsen | 1926–2021 | Canadian | Humanism; religion; ethics | Analytic |
| David Armstrong | 1926–2014 | Australian | Metaphysics; universals | Analytic |
| Noam Chomsky | 1928– | American | Language; mind; politics | Other/Tradition |
| Judith Shklar | 1928–1992 | Latvian-American | Political philosophy | Analytic |
| Jürgen Habermas | 1929– | German | Discourse ethics; democracy | Continental |
| Bernard Williams | 1929–2003 | British | Ethics; moral psychology | Analytic |
| Judith Jarvis Thomson | 1929–2020 | American | Ethics; rights | Analytic |
| Alasdair MacIntyre | 1929–2025 | Scottish-American | Virtue ethics; traditions | Continental |
| J. Howard Sobel | 1929–2010 | Canadian | Logic; philosophy of religion | Analytic |
| Jacques Derrida | 1930–2004 | French | Deconstruction; language | Continental |
| Ronald Dworkin | 1931–2013 | American | Law; political philosophy | Analytic |
| Charles Taylor | 1931– | Canadian | Self; modernity; politics | Continental |
| William L. Rowe | 1931–2015 | American | Evidential problem of evil | Analytic |
| John Searle | 1932– | American | Mind; language; social ontology | Analytic |
| Michael Martin | 1932–2015 | American | Atheism; philosophy of religion | Analytic |
| Alvin Plantinga | 1932– | American | Reformed epistemology; metaphysics | Analytic |
| Amartya Sen | 1933– | Indian | Justice; welfare; capabilities | Other/Tradition |
| David Kaplan | 1933– | American | Language; semantics | Analytic |
| Jaegwon Kim | 1934–2019 | Korean-American | Mind; metaphysics | Analytic |
| Richard Swinburne | 1934– | British | Natural theology; religion | Analytic |
| Daniel Kahneman (cross-discipline) | 1934–2024 | Israeli-American | Rationality; decision theory | Other/Tradition |
| Jerry Fodor | 1935–2017 | American | Mind; language | Analytic |
| Ruth Millikan | 1935– | American | Teleosemantics; mind | Analytic |
| Ian Hacking | 1936–2023 | Canadian | Science; realism | Analytic |
| Thomas Nagel | 1937– | American | Mind; ethics | Analytic |
| Robert Nozick | 1938–2002 | American | Libertarianism; ethics | Analytic |
| Alvin Goldman | 1938– | American | Epistemology; social epistemology | Analytic |
| Joseph Raz | 1939–2022 | Israeli-British | Law; political philosophy | Analytic |
| Saul Kripke | 1940–2022 | American | Modality; language | Analytic |
| T.M. Scanlon | 1940– | American | Contractualism; ethics | Analytic |
| John Finnis | 1940– | Australian-British | Natural law; ethics | Analytic |
| Ernest Sosa | 1940– | Cuban-American | Epistemology; virtue epistemology | Analytic |
| David Lewis | 1941–2001 | American | Metaphysics; modality | Analytic |
| Onora O’Neill | 1941– | British | Kantian ethics; trust | Analytic |
| Gerald Cohen (G.A. Cohen) | 1941–2009 | Canadian-British | Political philosophy; Marxism | Analytic |
| Bas van Fraassen | 1941– | Dutch-American | Science; constructive empiricism | Analytic |
| Derek Parfit | 1942–2017 | British | Ethics; personal identity | Analytic |
| Daniel Dennett | 1942–2024 | American | Mind; evolution; religion | Analytic |
| Paul Churchland | 1942– | Canadian-American | Eliminativism; mind | Analytic |
| Ned Block | 1942– | American | Consciousness; mind | Analytic |
| Patricia Kitcher | 1942– | American | Kant; philosophy of mind | Analytic |
| Peter van Inwagen | 1942– | American | Metaphysics; free will; religion | Analytic |
| John McDowell | 1942– | South African-British | Mind; epistemology | Analytic |
| Patricia Churchland | 1943– | Canadian-American | Neurophilosophy; mind | Analytic |
| Frank Jackson | 1943– | Australian | Mind; metaphysics | Analytic |
| Nancy Cartwright | 1944– | British-American | Philosophy of science | Analytic |
| Susan Haack | 1945– | British-American | Epistemology; pragmatism | Analytic |
| Philip Pettit | 1945– | Irish-Australian | Republicanism; political philosophy | Analytic |
| Peter Singer | 1946– | Australian | Applied ethics; utilitarianism | Analytic |
| Susan Moller Okin | 1946–2004 | American | Feminist political philosophy | Analytic |
| Tyler Burge | 1946– | American | Mind; content externalism | Analytic |
| Linda Zagzebski | 1946– | American | Virtue epistemology; religion | Analytic |
| Alexander Rosenberg | 1946–2024 | American | Naturalism; philosophy of science | Analytic |
| Kit Fine | 1946– | British-American | Metaphysics; logic | Analytic |
| Martha Nussbaum | 1947– | American | Capabilities; ethics; politics | Other/Tradition |
| Nancy Fraser | 1947– | American | Social/political philosophy | Continental |
| David Papineau | 1947– | British | Mind; naturalism | Analytic |
| Philip Kitcher | 1947– | American | Science; secularism; ethics | Analytic |
| Elliott Sober | 1948– | American | Philosophy of biology | Analytic |
| A.C. Grayling | 1949– | British | Humanism; ethics; political thought | Analytic |
| William Lane Craig | 1949– | American | Philosophy of religion; apologetics | Analytic |
| Slavoj Žižek | 1949– | Slovenian | Ideology critique; psychoanalysis | Continental |
| Seyla Benhabib | 1950– | Turkish-American | Political philosophy; feminism | Continental |
| Robert Brandom | 1950– | American | Inferentialism; pragmatism | Analytic |
| Charles Mills | 1951–2021 | Jamaican-American | Political philosophy; race | Analytic |
| Christine Korsgaard | 1952– | American | Kantian ethics; agency | Analytic |
| Galen Strawson | 1952– | British | Mind; metaphysics | Analytic |
| Wes Morriston | 1952– | Canadian | Philosophy of religion | Analytic |
| David Velleman | 1952– | American | Ethics; action theory | Analytic |
| Louise Antony | 1953– | American | Mind; naturalism; religion | Analytic |
| Cornel West | 1953– | American | Pragmatism; race; politics | Other/Tradition |
| Kwame Anthony Appiah | 1954– | Ghanaian-British-American | Ethics; cosmopolitanism | Other/Tradition |
| Gregory Dawes | 1954– | Australian | Philosophy of religion; explanation; naturalism | Analytic |
| Timothy Williamson | 1955– | British | Epistemology; logic | Analytic |
| Shelly Kagan | 1956– | American | Normative ethics | Analytic |
| Judith Butler | 1956– | American | Gender theory; ethics | Continental |
| Sally Haslanger | 1956– | American | Social ontology; feminism | Analytic |
| Paul Draper | 1957– | American | Philosophy of religion; evidential arguments | Analytic |
| J. L. Schellenberg | 1959– | Canadian | Divine hiddenness; religion | Analytic |
| Byung-Chul Han | 1959– | Korean-German | Cultural philosophy; critique | Continental |
| Elizabeth Anderson | 1959– | American | Ethics; political philosophy | Analytic |
| Graham Oppy | 1960– | Australian | Philosophy of religion; metaphysics | Analytic |
| Massimo Pigliucci | 1964– | Italian-American | Stoicism; science; humanism | Other/Tradition |
| Peter Godfrey-Smith | 1965– | Australian-American | Philosophy of biology; mind | Analytic |
| Stathis Psillos | 1965– | Greek | Scientific realism | Analytic |
| David Chalmers | 1966– | Australian-American | Consciousness; mind | Analytic |
| Miranda Fricker | 1966– | British | Epistemic injustice; epistemology | Analytic |
| Theodore Sider | 1967– | American | Metaphysics; ontology | Analytic |
| Hasok Chang | 1967– | Korean-British | History/philosophy of science | Analytic |
| Amie Thomasson | 1968– | American | Metaphysics; ontology | Analytic |
| Jason Stanley | 1969– | American | Language; political philosophy | Analytic |
| Erik Wielenberg | 1970– | American | Non-theistic moral realism; ethics | Analytic |
| Karen Bennett | 1970– | American | Metaphysics; grounding | Analytic |
| Alex Byrne | 1970– | British-American | Mind; language | Analytic |
| Jonathan Schaffer | 1973– | American | Grounding; metaphysics | Analytic |
| Simon Blackburn | 1944– | British | Metaethics; quasi-realism; philosophy of language | Analytic |
| Allan Gibbard | 1942– | American | Metaethics; norm-expressivism | Analytic |
| Peter Railton | 1950– | American | Metaethics; moral realism; naturalism | Analytic |
| Alex Malpass | 1980s– | British | Metaphysics; philosophy of religion; modality | Analytic |
| Felipe Leon | 1970s– | American | Philosophy of religion; metaphysics | Analytic |
| Daniel Linford | 1980s– | American | Philosophy of religion; metaphysics; naturalism | Analytic |
| Joe Schmid | 1990s– | American | Analytic philosophy; religion; metaphysics | Analytic |
| Mark Schroeder | 1970s– | American | Metaethics; expressivism | Analytic |
| Richard Joyce | 1966– | New Zealander | Metaethics; error theory | Analytic |
| Sharon Street | 1970s– | American | Metaethics; constructivism | Analytic |
| David Enoch | 1971– | Israeli | Metaethics; moral realism | Analytic |
| Terence Cuneo | 1962– | American | Metaethics; philosophy of religion | Analytic |
| Erik J. Wielenberg | 1970– | American | Non-theistic moral realism | Analytic |
| Guy Kahane | 1972– | Israeli-British | Ethics; value theory | Analytic |
| Russ Shafer-Landau | 1963– | American | Moral realism; metaethics | Analytic |
| Michael Huemer | 1969– | American | Epistemology; ethics; political philosophy | Analytic |
| Trent Dougherty | 1970s– | American | Epistemology; philosophy of religion | Analytic |
